UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION Washington, D. C. 20549 FORM 10-Q (Mark One) [X] QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the quarterly period ended September 30, 1999 OR [ ] TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the transition period from to Commission file number 0-6835 IRWIN FINANCIAL CORPORATION (Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) INDIANA 35-1286807 (State or other jurisdiction of (I.R.S. Employer incorporation or organization) Identification No.) 500 Washington Street, Columbus, IN 47201 (Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code) 812/376-1020 __________________________________________ Registrant's telephone number, including area code) (Former name, former address and former fiscal year if changed since last report) Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes X No APPLICABLE ONLY TO ISSUERS INVOLVED IN BANKRUPTCY PROCEEDINGS DURING THE PRECEDING FIVE YEARS Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed all documents and reports required to be filed by Sections 12, 13, or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 subsequent to the distribution of securities under a plan confirmed by a court. Yes No As of October 31, 1999 there were outstanding 21,407,366 common shares, no par value, of the Registrant. IRWIN FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET (Unaudited) (In thousands, except for shares) September 30, December 31, Assets: 1999 1998 Cash and due from banks $40,574 $68,942 Federal funds sold 65,000 8,580 Cash and cash equivalents 105,574 77,522 Interest-bearing deposits with financial institutions 27,828 18,441 Trading assets 47,115 32,148 Investment securities (Market value: $41,275 in 1999 and $48,537 in 1998) - Note 2 41,103 48,055 Loans held for sale - Note 3 511,008 936,788 Loans and leases, net of unearned income - Note 4 669,375 556,991 Less: Allowance for loan and lease losses - Note 5 (8,803) (9,888) 660,572 547,103 Servicing assets - Note 6 133,302 117,129 Accounts receivable 59,317 71,087 Accrued interest receivable 8,325 13,071 Premises and equipment 22,157 21,382 Other assets 46,230 50,418 $1,662,531 $1,933,144 Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity: Deposits Noninterest-bearing $260,636 $477,724 Interest-bearing 420,387 389,516 Certificates of deposit over $100,000 194,910 141,971 875,933 1,009,211 Short-term borrowings- Note 7 463,100 644,861 Long-term debt- Note 8 30,447 2,839 Other liabilities 86,243 83,001 Total liabilities 1,455,723 1,739,912 Company-obligated mandatorily redeemable preferred securities of subsidiary trust- Note 9 48,053 47,999 Shareholders' equity Preferred stock, no par value - authorized 4,000,000 shares; none issued -- -- Common stock; no par value - authorized 40,000,000 shares; issued 23,402,080 shares in 1999 and 1998; including 1,931,713 and 1,729,324 shares in treasury in 1999 and 1998, respectively 29,965 29,965 Additional paid-in capital 4,077 2,595 Unrealized gains (losses) on investment securities (13) 85 Retained earnings 164,293 142,232 198,322 174,877 Less treasury stock, at cost (39,567) (29,644) Total shareholders' equity 158,755 145,233 $1,662,531 $1,933,144 The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements. IRWIN FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF INCOME (Unaudited) Three Months Ended September (In thousands, except for per share) 1999 1998 Interest income: Loans and leases $13,799 $16,925 Investment securities: Taxable 948 278 Tax-exempt 64 72 Loans held for sale 15,100 17,640 Trading Account 1,651 2,636 Federal funds sold 87 162 Total interest income 31,649 37,713 Interest expense: Deposits 6,103 6,365 Short-term borrowings 6,544 8,521 Long-term debt 456 3,423 Total interest expense 13,103 18,309 Net interest income 18,546 19,404 Provision for loan and lease losses - Note 5 364 1,887 Net interest income after provision for loan and lease losses 18,182 17,517 Other income: Loan origination fees 11,781 14,933 Gain from sales of loans 15,889 22,350 Loan servicing fees 14,510 14,316 Amortization and impairment of servicing assets 6,258 20,762 Net loan administration income 8,252 (6,446) Gain on sale of mortgage servicing 9,676 9,592 Trading gains (losses) (744) 6,189 Gain on sale of leasing assets -- 5,241 Brokerage fees and commissions 353 249 Trust fees 543 479 Service charges on deposit accounts 443 450 Insurance commissions, fees and premiums 1,325 534 Other 232 1,271 47,750 54,842 Other expense: Salaries 28,470 30,039 Pension and other employee benefits 4,517 3,718 Office expense 3,484 3,078 Premises and equipment 5,825 5,444 Marketing and development 2,041 3,492 Other 5,978 8,637 50,315 54,408 Income before income taxes 15,617 17,951 Provision for income taxes 5,732 6,685 9,885 11,266 Distribution on company-obligated mandatorily redeemable preferred securities of subsidiary trust 1,174 1,174 Net income available to common shareholders $8,711 $10,092 Earnings per share of common stock available to shareholders: Basic - Note 10 $0.41 $0.47 Diluted - Note 10 $0.40 $0.46 Dividends per share of common stock $0.05 $0.04 The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements. IRWIN FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF INCOME (Unaudited) Nine Months Ended September 30, (In thousands, except for per share) 1999 1998   Interest income: Loans and leases $37,995 $42,135 Investment securities: Taxable 2,934 2,296 Tax-exempt 206 227 Loans held for sale 47,547 46,288 Trading Account 4,526 10,433 Federal funds sold 505 741 Total interest income 93,713 102,120 Interest expense: Deposits 17,515 17,538 Short-term borrowings 21,393 23,973 Long-term debt 550 3,835 Total interest expense 39,458 45,346 Net interest income 54,255 56,774 Provision for loan and lease losses - Note 5 3,896 4,560 Net interest income after provision for loan and lease losses 50,359 52,214 Other income: Loan origination fees 37,809 41,970 Gain from sales of loans 53,524 57,213 Loan servicing fees 45,885 41,817 Amortization and impairment of servicing assets 11,889 35,641 Net loan administration income 33,996 6,176 Gain on sale of mortgage servicing 32,017 29,605 Trading gains (losses) (11,130) (26) Gain on sale of leasing assets -- 5,241 Brokerage fees and commissions 1,116 759 Trust fees 1,663 1,586 Service charges on deposit accounts 1,290 1,287 Insurance commissions, fees and premiums 2,831 1,362 Other 2,801 3,129 155,917 148,302 Other expense: Salaries 85,877 84,134 Pension and other employee benefits 14,500 12,383 Office expense 9,899 9,193 Premises and equipment 17,297 14,884 Marketing and development 7,180 9,932 Other 25,496 26,072 160,249 156,598 Income before income taxes 46,027 43,918 Provision for income taxes 17,208 16,192 28,819 27,726 Distribution on company-obligated mandatorily redeemable preferred securities of subsidiary trust 3,523 3,523 Net income available to common shareholders $25,296 $24,203 Earnings per share of common stock available to shareholders: Basic - Note 10 $1.17 $1.11 Diluted - Note 10 $1.15 $1.09 Dividends per share of common stock $0.15 $0.12 The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements. IRWIN FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY FOR THE THREE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 1999 AND 1998 (Unaudited) Unrealized Gains/Losses Additional Retained on Investment Common Paid in Treasury Total Earnings Securities Stock Capital Stock (In thousands) Balance at July 1, 1999 $152,750 $156,655 ($9) $29,965 $1,519 ($35,380) Comprehensive Income: Note 1 Net Income 8,711 Other Comprehensive Income (4) Total 8,707 Cash dividends (1,073) (1,073) Purchase of treasury stock (4,616) (4,616) Sales of treasury stock 2,987 2,558 429 Balance September 30, 1999 $158,755 $164,293 ($13) $29,965 $4,077 ($39,567) Balance at July 1, 1998 $131,863 $127,784 $62 $29,965 $1,194 ($27,142) Comprehensive Income: Note 1 Net Income 10,092 Other Comprehensive Income 24 Total 10,116 Cash dividends (866) (866) Purchase of treasury stock (3,005) (3,005) Sales of treasury stock 233 (250) 107 376 Balance September 30, 1998 $138,341 $136,760 $86 $29,965 $1,301 ($29,771) FOR THE NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 1999 AND 1998 (Unaudited) Unrealized Gains/Losses Additional Retained on Investment Common Paid in Treasury Total Earnings Securities Stock Capital Stock (In thousands) Balance at January 1, 1999 $145,233 $142,232 $85 $29,965 $2,595 ($29,644) Comprehensive Income: Note 1 Net Income 25,296 Other Comprehensive Income (98) Total 25,198 Cash dividends (3,235) (3,235) Purchase of treasury stock (11,735) (11,735) Sales of treasury stock 3,294 1,482 1,812 Balance September 30, 1999 $158,755 $164,293 ($13) $29,965 $4,077 ($39,567) Balance at January 1, 1998 $127,983 $115,414 $55 $29,965 $780 ($18,231) Comprehensive Income: Note 1 Net Income 24,203 Other Comprehensive Income 31 Total 24,234 Cash dividends (2,606) (2,606) Purchase of treasury stock (12,493) (12,493) Sales of treasury stock 1,224 (251) 522 953 Balance September 30, 1998 $138,342 $136,760 $86 $29,965 $1,302 ($29,771) The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements. IRWIN FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS (Unaudited) For the nine months ended September 30, 1999 1998 (In thousands) Net income $25,296 $24,203 Adjustments to reconcile net income to cash provided by operating activities: Depreciation and amortization 15,064 21,072 Provision for loan and lease losses 3,896 4,560 Amortization of premiums, less accretion of discounts 1,085 1,920 (Increase) decrease in loans held for sale 425,780 (159,876) Gain on sale of mortgage servicing (32,017) (29,605) Other, net 12,504 (10,496) Net cash (used) provided by operating activities 451,608 (148,222) Lending and investing activities: Proceeds from maturities/calls of investment securities: Held-to-Maturity 8,495 10,245 Available-for-Sale 3,317 3,792 Proceeds from sales of investment securities: Available-for-Sale - 1,000 Purchase of investment securities: Held-to-Maturity - (3,640) Available-for-Sale (5,944) (4,170) Net increase in trading assets (14,967) (21,251) Net increase in interest-bearing deposits with financial institutions (9,387) (13,199) Net increase in loans, excluding sales (140,293) (127,216) Sale of loans 22,928 202,700 Gain on sale of leasing assets - 5,240 Additions to mortgage servicing assets (96,541) (50,641) Proceeds from sale of mortgage servicing assets 112,043 30,635 Other, net (4,100) (1,118) Net cash used by lending and investing activities (124,449) 32,377 Financing activities: Net increase (decrease) in deposits (133,278) 219,644 Net (decrease) increase in short-term borrowings (181,761) (76,923) Proceeds of long-term debt 27,608 2,878 Purchase of treasury stock (11,735) (12,493) Proceeds from sale of stock for employee benefit plans 3,294 1,224 Dividends paid (3,235) (2,606) Net cash provided by financing activities (299,107) 131,724 Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents 28,052 15,879 Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year 77,522 56,524 Cash and cash equivalents at end of year $105,574 $72,403 Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information: Cash paid during the period: Interest $38,816 $51,287 Income taxes $8,219 $8,275 The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements. NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited) NOTE 1 - SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING Basis of Presentation: The unaudited financial statements included herein have been prepared by the Corporation pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission but do not include all information and footnotes required by generally accepted accounting principles. In the opinion of management, the financial statements reflect all material adjustments necessary for a fair presentation. The accompanying financial statements should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and related notes included with the Corporation's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1998. Reclassifications: Certain amounts in the 1998 consolidated financial statements have been reclassified to conform to the 1999 presentation Derivatives: On June 15, 1998, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 133, "Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities" (FAS 133). The Corporation will adopt FAS 133 on January 1, 2001. FAS 133 requires that all derivative instruments be recorded on the balance sheet at their fair value. Changes in the market value of derivatives would be recorded each period in current earnings or other comprehensive income, depending on whether a derivative is designated as part of a hedge transaction and, if it is, the type of hedge transaction. The Corporation does not expect the adoption of this standard to have a material effect on its financial position or results of operation. Derivative instruments on the Corporation's balance sheet are currently classified as trading assets and carried at market value. Changes in market value are recorded as trading gains or losses on the income statement. Trading Assets: Trading assets are stated at fair value. Unrealized gains and losses are included in earnings. Gains and losses are based on the adjusted cost of the specific asset. NOTE 2 - INVESTMENT SECURITIES The carrying amounts of investment securities, including a net unrealized loss of $22 thousand and a net unrealized gain of $142 thousand on available-for-sale securities at September 30, 1999 and December 31, 1998, respectively, are summarized as follows: September 30, December 31, (In thousands) 1999 1998 Held-to-Maturity US Treasury and Government obligations $8,429 $32,158 Obligations of states and political subdivisions 4,707 5,207 Mortgage-backed securities 1,853 4,424 Total Held-to-Maturity 14,989 41,789 Available-for-Sale US Treasury and Government obligations 22,399 2,096 Mortgage-backed securities 3,114 4,131 Other 601 39 Total Available for Sale 26,114 6,266 Total Investments $41,103 $48,055 Securities which the Corporation has the positive intent and ability to hold until maturity are classified as "held-to-maturity" and are stated at cost adjusted for amortization of premium and accretion of discount. Securities that might be sold prior to maturity are classified as "available-for-sale" and are stated at fair value. Unrealized gains and losses on available-for-sale securities, net of the future tax impact, are reported as a separate component of shareholders' equity until realized. NOTE 3 - LOANS HELD FOR SALE Loans held for sale are stated at the lower of cost or market as of the balance sheet date. In assessing the lower of cost of market, performing loans are analyzed on an aggregate basis and nonperforming loans are analyzed on a disaggregate basis. NOTE 4 - LOANS AND LEASES Loans and leases are summarized as follows: September 30, December 31, (In thousands) 1999 1998 Real estate-mortgage $119,877 $123,980 Commercial, financial and agricultural 417,712 278,834 Real estate-construction 75,727 97,253 Consumer 52,219 51,730 Lease financing 4,446 6,375 Unearned income (606) (1,181) $669,375 $556,991 NOTE 5 - ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN AND LEASE LOSSES Changes in the allowance for loan and lease losses are summarized as follows: September 30, December 31, (In thousands) 1999 1998 Balance at beginning of year $9,888 $8,812 Provision for loan and lease losses 3,896 5,995 Reduction due to sale of loans (3,126) (2,976) Reduction due to reclassification of loans to held for sale (923) - Recoveries 437 559 Charge-offs (1,369) (2,502) Balance at end of period $8,803 $9,888 NOTE 6- SERVICING ASSETS Included on the consolidated balance sheet at September 30, 1999 and December 31, 1998 are $133.3 million and $117.1 million, respectively, of servicing assets. These amounts relate to the principal balances of loans serviced by the Corporation for investors. Although they are not generally held for sale, there is an active secondary market for servicing assets. The Corporation has periodically sold servicing assets. NOTE 7- SHORT-TERM BORROWINGS Short-term borrowings are summarized as follows: September 30, December 31, (In thousands) 1999 1998 Federal funds $169,444 $266,000 Lines of Credit 148,182 180,118 Repurchase agreements and drafts payable related to mortgage loan closings 82,459 172,126 Commercial paper 23,634 26,617 Other 39,381 - Total $463,100 $644,861 Repurchase agreements at September 30, 1999 and December 31, 1998, include $0.8 million and $29.8 million respectively, in mortgage loans sold under agreements to repurchase which are used to fund mortgage loans sold prior to sale in the secondary market. These repurchase agreements are collateralized by mortgage loans held for sale. Drafts payable related to mortgage loan closings totaled $81.6 million and $142.3 million at September 30, 1999 and December 31, 1998. These borrowings are related to mortgage closings at the end of the period which have not been presented to banks for payment. When presented for payment these borrowings will be funded internally or by borrowing from the lines of credit. The Corporation has lines of credit available to fund mortgage loans held for sale. Interest on the lines of credit is payable monthly at variable rates ranging from 4.82% to the lender's prime rate. NOTE 8 -- LONG-TERM DEBT Long-term debt at September 30, 1999 of $30.4 million consists of various notes payable with a variable interest rates ranging from 7.4% to 7.6% and maturity dates through July, 2014. Long-term debt as of December 31, 1998 of $2.8 million consisted of a note payable with a variable interest rate averaging 7.94% and maturing on July 1, 2002. NOTE 9 -- COMPANY-OBLIGATED MANDATORILY REDEEMABLE PREFERRED SECURITIES OF SUBSIDIARY TRUST In January 1997, the Corporation issued $50 million of trust preferred securities through IFC Capital Trust I, a trust created and controlled by the Corporation. The securities were issued at $25 per share with a cumulative dividend rate of 9.25% payable quarterly. They have an initial maturity of 30 years with a 19-year extension option. The securities are callable at par after five years, or immediately, in the event of an adverse tax development affecting the Corporation's classification of the securities for federal income tax purposes. They are not convertible into common stock of the Corporation. The securities are shown on the balance sheet net of capitalized issuance costs. The sole assets of IFC Capital Trust I are subordinated debentures of the Corporation with a principal balance of $51.1 million, an interest rate of 9.25% and an initial maturity of 30 years with a 19-year extension option. NOTE 10 -- EARNINGS PER SHARE Earnings per share calculations are summarized as follows: Diluted Basic Earnings Effects of Earnings Per Share Stock Options Per Share Three months ended September 30, 1999 Net income available to common shareholders $8,711 $-- $8,711 Shares 21,498 344 21,843 Per-Share Amount available to common shareholders $0.41 ($0.01) $0.40 Nine months ended September 30, 1999 Net income available to common shareholders $25,296 $-- $25,296 Shares 21,605 363 21,967 Per-Share Amount available to common shareholders $1.17 ($0.02) $1.15 Diluted Basic Earnings Effects of Earnings Per Share Stock Options Per Share Three months ended September 30, 1998 Net income available to common shareholders $10,092 $-- $10,092 Shares 21,662 250 21,912 Per-Share Amount available to common shareholders $0.47 ($0.01) $0.46 Nine months ended September 30, 1998 Net income available to common shareholders $24,203 $-- $24,203 Shares 21,753 385 22,138 Per-Share Amount available to common shareholders $1.11 ($0.02) $1.09 NOTE 11 -- CONTINGENCIES In the normal course of business, Irwin Financial Corporation and its subsidiaries are subject to various claims and other pending and possible legal actions. As of September 30, 1999, Irwin Mortgage Corporation (IMC) was a defendant in two separate class action lawsuits relating to the following: IMC's administration of mortgage escrow accounts and IMC's right to pay broker fees to mortgage brokers. As of September 30, 1999, Irwin Union Leasing, (formerly Affiliated Capital Corp. (ACC)), and Irwin Financial Corporation were defendants in a class action lawsuit alleging misrepresentations by a manufacturer or certain equipment financed by ACC. At present, it is not possible for the Corporation to predict the likelihood of an unfavorable outcome or to establish the possible extent or amount of liability or potential exposure with respect to the litigation. NOTE 12 -- Industry Segment Information The Corporation has three principal segments that provide a broad range of financial services throughout the United States. The Mortgage Banking line of business originates, sells and services residential first mortgage loans. The Commercial Banking line of business provides commercial banking services. The Home Equity Lending line of business originates and services home equity loans. The Corporation's other segments include equipment leasing, venture capital, and the parent company. During the three month period ended September 30, 1998, the Corporation recorded a $5.2 million gain on the sale of certain leasing assets. The gain is included with the results of the Corporation's " other" segments. The accounting policies of each segment are the same as those described in the "Summary of Significant Accounting Policies". Below is a summary of each segment's revenues, net income, and assets for 1999 and 1998: Mortgage Commercial Home Equity (In thousands) Banking Banking Lending Other Consolidated For the three months ended September 30, 1999 Net interest income $7,105 $7,626 $4,895 ($1,444) $18,182 Intersegment interest (982) 0 (361) 1,343 0 Other revenue 39,734 2,734 6,264 (982) 47,750 Intersegment revenues 0 41 0 (41) 0 Total net revenues 45,857 10,401 10,798 (1,124) 65,932 Other expense 34,368 7,064 8,099 784 50,315 Intersegment expenses 605 272 145 (1,022) 0 Net income before taxes 10,884 3,065 2,554 (886) 15,617 Income taxes 4,409 1,188 0 135 5,732 Net income 6,475 1,877 2,554 (1,021) 9,885 Distribution on Preferred Securities 0 0 0 1,174 1,174 Net income available to shareholders $6,475 $1,877 $2,554 ($2,195) $8,711 Assets at September 30, 1999 $594,319 $737,567 $315,795 $14,850 $1,662,531 For the three months ended September 30, 1998 Net interest income $7,255 $5,807 $4,195 $260 $17,517 Intersegment interest (694) 28 (320) 986 0 Other revenue 44,629 2,701 2,014 5,498 54,842 Intersegment revenues 0 47 0 (47) 0 Total net revenues 51,190 8,583 5,889 6,697 72,359 Other expense 37,819 5,221 7,640 3,728 54,408 Intersegment expenses 1,357 635 98 (2,090) 0 Net income before taxes 12,014 2,727 (1,849) 5,059 17,951 Income taxes 4,872 1,016 0 797 6,685 Net income 7,142 1,711 (1,849) 4,262 11,266 Distribution on Preferred Securities 0 0 0 1,174 1,174 Net income available to shareholders $7,142 $1,711 ($1,849) $3,088 10,092 Assets at September 30, 1998 $883,575 $576,611 $169,600 $22,963 $1,652,749 Mortgage Commercial Home Equity (In thousands) Banking Banking Lending Other Consolidated For the nine months ended September 30, 1999 Net interest income $17,328 $21,304 $14,903 ($3,176)   $50,359   Intersegment interest (2,192) 0 (1,035) 3,227 0 Other revenue 128,268 8,782 19,808 (941) 155,917 Intersegment revenues 0 125 0 (125) 0 Total net revenues 143,404 30,211 33,676 (1,015) 206,276 Other expense 111,119 20,708 24,041 4,381 160,249 Intersegment expenses 1,872 784 749 (3,405) 0 Net income before taxes 30,413 8,719 8,886 (1,991) 46,027 Income taxes 12,368 3,327 0 1,513 17,208 Net income 18,045 5,392 8,886 (3,504) 28,819 Distribution on Preferred Securities 0 0 0 3,523 3,523 Net income available to shareholders $18,045 $5,392 $8,886 ($7,027) $25,296 Assets at September 30, 1999 $594,319 $737,567 $315,795 $14,850 $1,662,531 For the nine months ended September 30, 1998 Net interest income $19,584 $16,703 $14,068 $1,858 $52,213 Intersegment interest (1,938) 139 (1,635) 3,434 0 Other revenue 127,359 8,245 6,986 5,712 148,302 Intersegment revenues 0 115 0 (115) 0 Total net revenues 145,005 25,202 19,419 10,889 200,515 Other expense 109,374 16,936 22,517 7,771 156,598 Intersegment expenses 1,357 635 98 (2,090) 0 Net income before taxes 34,274 7,631 (3,196) 5,208 43,917 Income taxes 13,915 2,863 0 (587) 16,191 Net income 20,359 4,768 (3,196) 5,795 27,726 Distribution on Preferred Securities 0 0 0 3,523 3,523 Net income available to shareholders 20,359 4,768 (3,196) 2,272 24,203 Assets at September 30, 1998 $883,575 $576,611 $169,600 $22,963 $1,652,749 Part I Item 2 MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS Management's discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with the accompanying consolidated financial statements and footnotes. Forward-looking statements contained in the following discussion are based on estimates and assumptions that are subject to significant business, economic and competitive uncertainties, many of which are beyond the Corporation's control and are subject to change. These uncertainties can affect actual results and could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed in any forward-looking statements in this discussion. Overview Net income for the third quarter ended September 30, 1999, was $8.7 million, down 13.7% from the third quarter 1998 net income of $10.1 million. Net income per share(diluted)was $0.40 for the third quarter of 1999 as compared to $0.46 for the same period in 1998. Return on equity for the third quarter of 1999 was 22.16% compared to 29.94% in 1998. Third quarter 1998 results include a $3.1 million after-tax gain on the sale of substantially all of the assets of the Corporation's medical equipment leasing subsidiary. Absent the leasing gain, third quarter 1998 net income per share (diluted) was $0.32, and the return on equity was 20.6%. For the year to date September 30, 1999, the Corporation recorded net income of $25.3 million, up 4.5% from 1998. Net income per share (diluted) was $1.15, up from $1.09 a year earlier. Return on equity for the year to date was 22.05% as compared to 24.64% for the same period in 1998. Absent the leasing gain, third quarter 1998 net income per share (diluted) was $0.95, and the return on equity was 21.38%. Lines of Business Irwin Financial Corporation has four principal lines of business: - Mortgage banking (includes Irwin Mortgage Corporation and the related activities of Irwin Union Bank) - Commercial banking (Irwin Union Bank) - Home equity lending (includes Irwin Home Equity Corporation and the related activities of Irwin Union Bank) - Venture capital (includes Irwin Ventures Inc. and the related activities of Irwin Union Bank) Listed below are the earnings by line of business for the quarter and year to date, as compared to the same periods in 1998: Three Months Nine Months Ended September 30, Ended September 30, 1999 1998 1999 1998 Mortgage banking $6,475 $7,142 $18,045 $20,359 Commercial banking 1,877 1,711 5,392 4,768 Home equity lending 2,554 (1,850) $8,886 (3,196) Venture capital 787 -- 725 -- Other (includes parent, leasing, and consolidating entries) (2,982) 3,089 (7,752) 2,272 $8,711 $10,092 $25,296 $24,203 Mortgage Banking Selected Financial Data (shown in thousands): Three Months Nine Months Ended September 30, Ended September 30, 1999 1998 1999 1998 Selected Income Statement Data: Loan origination fees $11,612 $14,753 $37,267 $41,487 Gain from sales of loans 10,367 15,496 36,467 38,977 Loan servicing fees 12,921 13,011 41,215 38,189 Amortization and impairment of servicing assets (5,731) (20,293) (10,389) (34,718) Trading gains (losses) (36) 11,642 (10,808) 12,671 Net interest income 6,061 7,082 17,264 18,556 Provision for loan losses 62 (521) (2,128) (911) Gain on sale of servicing 9,676 9,591 32,017 29,605 Other income 925 430 2,499 1,148 Total net revenues 45,857 51,191 143,404 145,005 Salaries and employee benefits 21,825 25,177 69,081 70,251 Other operating expenses 13,148 14,000 43,910 40,479 Income before tax 10,884 12,014 30,413 34,274 Income tax 4,409 4,872 12,368 13,915 Net income $6,475 $7,142 $18,045 $20,359 Return on average equity 23.3% 33.2% 21.7% 31.5% Mortgage loan originations $1,382,946 $2,112,547 $4,769,740 $6,162,200 September 30, December 31, 1999 1998 Servicing portfolio $10,462,423 $11,242,470 Mortgage loans held for sale 301,150 555,197 Mortgage servicing asset 127,869 113,131 Mortgage banking activities are conducted by Irwin Mortgage Corporation which originates, sells, and services residential mortgage loans throughout the United States. Net income for the third quarter was $6.5 million, down 9.3% from the same period in 1998. Year to date, net income was $18.0 million compared to $20.4 million in 1998. As a result of a rising interest rate environment, mortgage loan originations of $1.4 billion were 34.5% below the third quarter of 1998. For the year, originations totaled $4.8 billion, down 22.6% from 1998. Refinances accounted for 15.9% of loan production in the third quarter of 1999 and 31.6% year to date. This compares to 41.4% and 45.1%, respectively, in 1998. Lower production volume caused mortgage loan origination income to decrease 21.3% in the third quarter to $11.6 million. Year to date it was down 10.2% to $37.3 million. As a result of lower loan production in the third quarter of 1999, gains on the sale of loans decreased 33.1% to $10.4 million. Year to date, gains on the sale of loans totaled $36.5 million, down 6.4% from 1998. Mortgage servicing fees decreased 0.7% in the third quarter but were up 7.9% year to date to $12.9 million and $41.2 million, respectively. The servicing portfolio totaled $10.5 billion at September 30, 1999, down 6.0% from a year earlier and down 6.9% from December 31, 1998. Mortgage servicing assets totaled $127.9 million at September 30, 1999, up 13.0% from December 31, 1998. The amortization and impairment of servicing assets declined 71.8% in the third quarter of 1999 to $5.7 million. Year to date amortization and impairment totaled $10.4 million, down 70.1% from 1998. The decline is the result of the rising interest rate environment during the third quarter of 1999 that slowed prepayments in underlying loans and reduced impairment levels of mortgage servicing assets. The year to date improvement in mortgage servicing asset amortization and impairment was partially offset by corresponding losses on hedging activities. The mortgage bank used options on treasury futures to offset the interest rate risk associated with its mortgage servicing assets. However, by September 30, 1999, options on the mortgage bank's balance sheet had expired. During the third quarter the mortgage bank recorded a $35.9 thousand market loss on options held during the quarter. Year to date, the market loss totaled $10.8 million. This compares with a market gain recorded on the hedge position of $11.6 million in the third quarter and $12.7 million year to date in 1998. The mortgage bank does not attempt to satisfy the criteria for "hedge accounting." As a result, options are accounted for as trading assets, and changes in fair value are adjusted through earnings as trading gains or losses. Revenues from the sale of mortgage servicing were up 0.9% from the third quarter of 1998 to $9.7 million. Year to date servicing sale revenues totaled $32.0 million, up 8.1% from 1998. As a result of the decrease in mortgage loan closings from 1998, net interest income was down in the third quarter and year to date. Net interest income for the three months ended September 30, 1999 was $6.1 million, down 14.4% from the third quarter 1998. Year to date, net interest income totaled $17.3 million, down 7.0% from 1998. The provision for loan losses was down 111.9% in the third quarter of 1999 from $0.5 million in the third quarter of 1998. Year to date, the provision was $2.1 million, up from $0.9 million a year earlier. The third quarter 1999 figure reflects a change in accounting classification to more accurately account for nonperforming assets held at the mortgage bank. Prior to the third quarter of 1999, all nonperforming loans held at the mortgage bank were included in the nonperforming assets category. The majority of these assets are held for resale, rather than as a part of the loan portfolio, and as such, are more appropriately classified as part of the portfolio of loans held for sale and carried at the lower of cost or market value. There is no economic difference in this accounting change as marking the loans to market when valued at less than face value has the same effect as establishing a loan loss allowance, but it more accurately reflects management's intent with rspect to the ultimate disposition of the assets. Salaries and employee benefits decreased 13.3% to $21.8 million for the third quarter of 1999. The reduction was due to a decline in commissions as a result of lower loan production in the third quarter of 1999. Year to date, they totaled $69.1 million, down 1.7% from a year earlier. Other operating expenses decreased 6.1% in the third quarter but were up 8.5% for the year to date. Commercial Banking Selected Financial Data (shown in thousands): Three Months Nine Months Ended September 30, Ended September 30, Selected Income Statement Data: 1999 1998 1999 1998 Net interest revenue $8,028 $6,380 $22,708 $18,437 Provision for loan losses (402) (545) (1,404) (1,595) Other income 2,775 2,748 8,907 8,360 Salaries and benefits (4,165) (3,397) (12,348) (10,136) Other operating expenses (3,171) (2,459) (9,144) ( 7,435) Income before tax 3,065 2,727 8,719 7,631 Income tax (1,188) (1,016) (3,327) (2,863) Net income $1,877 $1,711 $5,392 $4,768 September 30, December 31, Selected Balance Sheet Data: 1999 1998 Securities and short-term investments $47,086 $62,411 Loans and leases 650,380 514,950 Allowance for loan losses 7,449 6,680 Deposits $677,854 $567,526 Commercial banking activities are conducted by Irwin Union Bank (the Bank) which is headquartered in Columbus, Indiana. In recent years, the Bank has implemented a growth plan that calls for expansion into new markets outside of its home county in Indiana using de novo offices staffed by senior commercial loan officers who have experience with other commercial banks. As a result, the commerical bank currently operates in nine counties in Indiana as well as Kalamazoo and Grand Rapids, Michigan and St. Louis, Missouri. Net income was up in the third quarter to $1.9 million from $1.7 million a year earlier. Year to date, net income was $5.4 million, up from $4.8 million in 1998. Net interest income improved 25.8% to $8.0 million in the third quarter of 1999. Year to date, it was up 23.2% to $22.7 million. The increase reflects the commercial bank's continued growth in new markets. The provision for loan losses decreased 26.3% to $401.7 thousand in the third quarter compared with a provision of $545.0 thousand a year earlier. Year to date, it decreased 12.0% to $1.4 million. Following is an analysis of net interest income and net interest margin computed on a tax equivalent basis: For the Three Months Ended September 30, 1999 1998 (In thousands) Average Balance Interest Yield/ Average Balance Interest Yield/ Rate Rate Interest - $655,082 $14,125 8.55% $532,800 $11,897 8.86% earning assets, Interest - 563,235 6,055 4.27% 451,571 5,453 4.79% bearing liabilities Net interest income * $8,070 * * $6,444 * Net interest margin * * 4.89%   * 4.80% For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 1999 1998 (In thousands) Average Balance Interest Yield/ Average Balance Interest Yield/ Rate Rate Interest- $616,987 $39,161 8.49% $524,698 $34,585 8.81% earning assets Interest - 529,243 16,283 4.11% 446,876 15,952 4.77% bearing liabilities Net interest income * $22,878 * * $18,633 * Net interest margin * * 4.96% * * 4.75% Other income in the third quarter was up 1.0% to $2.8 million from $2.7 million in 1998. For the year to date, other income increased 6.6`% to $8.9 million. Total operating expenses, including salaries and benefits, increased 25.3% from the third quarter of 1998 to $7.3 million. For the year, these expenses were up 22.3% to $21.5 million. The continued expansion of operations in new markets led to increased non-interest expense in 1999. Home Equity Lending Selected Financial Data (shown in thousands): Three Months Nine Months Ended September 30, Ended September 30, 1999 1998 1999 1998 Selected Income Statement Data: Net interest revenue $4,534 $3,875 $13,868 $12,433 Gain from sale of loans 5,983 6,587 16,491 17,346 Loan servicing fees, net of amortization and impairment of servicing assets 883 553 2,426 1,792 Trading gains (losses) (708) (5,453) (321) (12,697) Other revenue 106 327 1,212 545 Total net revenues 10,798 5,889 33,676 19,419 Operating expenses (8,244) (7,739) (24,790) (22,615) Pre-tax income (loss) $2,554 $(1,850) $8,886 $(3,196) Other Selected Financial Data: September 30, December 31, 1999 1998 Home equity loans $216,638 $247,445 Interest-only strip 46,150 26,761 Servicing portfolio 749,149 581,241 The home equity lending business markets home equity and first mortgage loans through direct mail, telemarketing and the Internet in 29 states. The home equity lending business recorded pre-tax income of $2.6 million during the third quarter of 1999 and $8.9 million year to date. These results are compared to 1998 quarterly and year to date pre-tax losses of $1.9 million and $3.2 million, respectively. Net interest revenue was $0.7 million higher in the third quarter of 1999 than 1998, and $1.4 million higher year to date. The increase was due to increased loans outstanding during 1999. During the third quarter of 1999, the home equity lending business originated $97.5 million of loans, compared with $119.0 million in 1998. Year to date, loan originations totaled $291.8 million, up from $273.8 million a year earlier. The third quarter decline reflects the fact that fewer first mortgage loans were originated in 1999 than in 1998 when declining interest rates led to a higher volume of that product. Gains from the securitization of loans totaled $6.0 million in the third quarter of 1999 and $16.5 million year to date, down 9.2% and 4.9%, respectively, from the third quarter and year to date 1998. The home equity lending business services the loans it has securitized and collects an annual fee of up to 1% of the outstanding principal balance of the securitized loans. Net servicing fee income totaled $0.9 million in the third quarter of 1999, up 59.7% from the same period in 1998. Year to date, servicing fees totaled $2.4 million, up 35.4% from 1998. The increase is due to growth in the servicing portfolio combined with a decline in the prepayments of underlying loans and resulting impairment of servicing assets caused by the rising interest rate environment. Interest-only strips are carried at their market values determined using assumptions about the duration and performance of the securitized loans. At September 30, 1999, the assumed annual loss rates ranged from 0.25% to 2.00%, prepayment speeds ranged from 8% to 46% CPR (constant prepayment rate) per year, and the discount rate was 15.0%. To mitigate the interest rate risk associated with certain interest-only strips, the home equity lending business uses an interest rate cap which is also carried at its market value, which was $1.0 million at September 30, 1999. Included in income during the third quarter of 1999 was an unrealized trading loss of $0.7 million recorded to adjust the carrying value of interest-only strips and the interest rate cap to their market values. This loss compares with a $5.5 million loss recorded in the third quarter of 1998. Year to date, trading losses totaled $0.3 million, compared with a $12.7 million trading loss in 1998. The improvement in 1999 is due to the rising interest rate environment combined with efforts made to shift a substantial portion of the home equity loan portfolio into product with less prepayment sensitivity. Operating expenses were $8.2 million in the third quarter of 1999, up 6.5% from 1998. Year to date, they increased 9.6% to $24.8 million. Venture Capital The Corporation's recently formed venture capital line of business earned net income of $0.8 million in the third quarter of 1999 and $0.7 million year to date. The income resulted principally from the unrealized gain in its sole portfolio investment which is carried on its balance sheet at market value. The Corporation intends to use the venture capital line of business to make minority investments in early-stage financial services businesses. Its primary focus will be businesses which plan to use the Internet, or other forms of technology, as a key component of their competitive strategy. Other (includes parent, leasing, and consolidating entries) Third quarter 1999 results at the Corporation's other businesses totaled a net loss of $3.0 million, compared with net income of $3.1 million a year earlier. Year to date 1999 results totaled a net loss of $7.8 million compared with net income of $2.3 million in 1998. The components of these other results are as follows: Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended September 30, September 30, (In thousands) 1999 1998 1999 1998 Parent Company operating $(1,751) $(858) $(3,967) $(2,218) results Income tax benefit (expense) generated at home equity (1,022) 740 (3,554) 1,278 line of business Total Parent Company (2,773) (118) (7,521) (940) Sale of leasing assets, net -- 3,144 -- 3,144 Irwin Business Finance, net (218) -- (218) -- Other, net 9 63 (13) 68 $(2,982) $3,089 $(7,752) $2,272 Parent company operating losses are higher in 1999 as a result of increased net interest expense for funding to support the growth of subsidiaries. Additionally, the parent company enters into interest rate swap agreements with its subsidiaries, the results of which have been less favorable to the parent in 1999 than in 1998. The parent company records the income tax expense or benefit generated at the home equity business until such time that all net operating losses carried forward are fully used. Irwin Business Finance is a new leasing subsidiary of the Corporation which began organizing in mid-1999. It has incurred net expenses to date of $0.2 million. The company expects to begin lease originations in early 2000. Consolidated Income Statement Analysis Net interest income for the third quarter of 1999 totaled $18.5 million, down 4.4% from the third quarter of 1998. For the year, it decreased 4.4% to $54.3 million. The decrease was due to a decline at the mortgage bank resulting from the rising interest rate environment, partially offset by increased loans outstanding at the community bank and home equity business. The loan and lease loss provision was $0.4 million for the third quarter of 1999, as compared with $1.9 million for the same period in 1998. For the year, it totaled $3.9 million, down from $4.6 million a year earlier. The 1999 decline resulted from a change in classification of certain nonperforming mortgage loans to the "loans held for sale" category as previously discussed in the mortgage banking section of this report. See the section on credit risk for additional information on the loan loss provision. Noninterest income was down 12.9% to $47.8 million in the third quarter of 1999. Year to date noninterest income increased 5.1% to $155.9 million. The third quarter decline was caused primarily by lower revenues at the Corporation's mortgage banking line of business as a result of the rising interest rate environment which slowed loan production activity. Additionally, third quarter 1998 noninterest income included a $5.2 million pre-tax gain on the sale of the assets of the Corporation's medical equipment leasing business. Other expenses decreased 7.5% in the third quarter of 1999 to $50.3 million. For the year, other expenses experienced a moderate increase of $3.7 million or 2.3%. Reduced loan production activities at the mortgage bank resulted in the third quarter decline. The effective income tax rate for the Corporation was 39.7% the third quarter of 1999 and 40.5% year to date. This is compared with 39.8% in the third quarter of 1998 and 40.1% year to date 1998. Consolidated Balance Sheet Analysis Total assets of the Corporation at September 30, 1999, were $1.7 billion, down from December 31, 1998, total assets of $1.9 billion. The decrease was due to a decline in loans held for sale which totaled $0.5 billion at September 30, 1999, down from $0.9 billion at December 31, 1998. The decrease in assets was accompanied by a decrease in deposits of $0.1 billion and a decrease in short-term borrowings of $0.2 billion. A portion of noninterest bearing deposits is associated with escrow accounts held on loans in the servicing portfolio of Irwin Mortgage. These escrow accounts totaled $217.3 million at September 30, 1999, down from $399.6 million at December 31, 1998. Shareholders' equity grew to $158.8 million or $7.42 per share, an increase over the $145.2 million or $6.70 per share at the end of 1998. The Corporation's equity to assets ratio ended the quarter at 9.55% compared to 7.51% at the end of 1998. Prior to the adoption of new mortgage banking accounting standards in the third quarter of 1995, generally accepted accounting principles precluded recognition of the full value of mortgage servicing assets to be reflected on the balance sheet. Since a significant portion of the Corporation's mortgage servicing portfolio was generated prior to the adoption of the new accounting standards, it represents substantial economic value which is not recorded on the balance sheet. Management estimated this value to be approximately $50 million or $2.34 per share at September 30, 1999. The estimate was based on the market value of servicing assets related to loans with similar interest rates and servicing fees. With the implementation of the new accounting standard in 1995, this off-balance sheet value will decline over future years and eventually be reduced to zero as the underlying loans pay off, servicing fees are collected, and the income from servicing the loans is fully accreted. Credit Risk The assumption of credit risk is a key source of earnings for the commercial banking and home equity lending businesses. In addition, the mortgage banking business assumes some credit risk despite the fact that the mortgages are typically insured. An allowance for loan losses is established as an estimate of the probable credit losses on the loans held by the Corporation. It is based on management's judgement combined with a quantitative process of evaluation and analysis. A specific allowance is determined by evaluating those loans which are either substandard or have the potential to become substandard. In general, commercial loans and mortgage loans are evaluated individually to determine the appropriate allowance. Consumer loans are evaluated as a group. A specific allowance is set at a level which management considers sufficient to cover probable losses on these specific loans. A general allowance is determined by analyzing historical loss experience by loan type and then adjusting these loss factors for current conditions not reflected in prior experience. Loans that are determined by management to be uncollectible are charged against the allowance. The allowance is increased by provisions against income and recoveries of loans previously charged off. As of September 30, 1999, the allowance for loan and lease losses as a percentage of total loans and leases was 1.32% compared to 1.78% at December 31, 1998. For the three months ended September 30, 1999, the provision for loan and lease losses totaled $0.4 million, a decline of 80.7% from the amount recorded in the third quarter of 1998. Year to date, the provision totaled $3.9 million, down 14.6% from a year earlier. The decrease occurred primarily at the mortgage bank in connection with the change in classification of nonperforming loans to the "loans held for sale" category to more accurately reflect management's intent with respect to the ultimate disposition of these assets. As previously discussed in the mortgage banking section, these loans are carried at the lower of their cost or market value. Any impairment provision is recorded through the markdown of the loans to their market value. Nonperforming assets (loans 90 days past due, nonaccrual, and owned real estate) were $8.9 million or 0.53% of total assets at September 30, 1999, down from $15.4 million or 0.79% at December 31, 1998 and $9.5 million or 0.64% at December 31, 1997. The decline resulted from the reclassification of $3.2 million of nonperforming mortgage loans to the "loans held for sale"category during the third quarter of 1999. September 30, December 31, December 31, 1999 1998 1997 Nonperforming Assets (In Thousands) Accruing loans past due 90 days or more: Real Estate $-- $291 $534 Commercial 1,493 252 382 Consumer 193 86 86 Subtotal 1,686 632 1,002 Nonaccrual loans: Real Estate $2,612 9,570 5,333 Commercial 656 1,052 777 Leasing 332 426 506 Consumer 147 174 63 Subtotal 3,747 11,222 6,679 Total nonperforming loans 5,433 11,854 7,681 Other real estate owned 3,418 3,506 1,828 Total nonperforming assets $8,851 $15,360 $9,509 Nonperforming assets to total assets 0.79% 0.64% 0.53% Liquidity Liquidity is the availability of funds to meet the daily requirements of the business. For financial institutions, demand for funds comes principally from extensions of credit and withdrawal of deposits. Liquidity is provided by asset maturities, sales of investment securities, or short-term borrowings. Seasonal fluctuations in deposit levels and loan demand require differing levels of liquidity at various times during the year. Liquidity measures are formally reviewed by management monthly, and they continue to show adequate liquidity in all areas of the organization. Interest Rate Sensitivity Interest rate risk refers to the potential for changes in market rates of interest to cause changes in net interest income and in the market value of assets and liabilities. Senior managers of each operating company who serve on their respective Asset-Liability Management Committees monitor the repricing structure of both assets and liabilities. Exposure to changes in interest rates is evaluated by modeling the repricing characteristics and options embedded in the balance sheets of each operating company. The methodology employed for measuring the sensitivity of market value at the operating companies and consolidated levels is reflected in the change in net market value of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities, assuming a parallel yield curve shift of up and down 2%. Rate sensitivity at the commercial bank can typically be managed by controlling the repricing characteristics of loans, securities, and deposits. The commercial bank may also use financial futures or interest rate swaps from time to time. Formal policies approved by the commercial bank's Board of Directors ensure that exposure to changes in net interest revenues is maintained within acceptable levels. The mortgage banking business assumes interest rate risk by entering into commitments to extend loans to borrowers at a fixed price for a limited period of time. Loans are also held temporarily until a pool is formed. The mortgage bank buys commitments to deliver loans at a fixed price to manage risk. The home equity lending business funds the majority of loans with liabilities of terms that closely match the anticipated holding period of their assets. The mortgage bank and the home equity business are also exposed to interest rate risk through their ownership of servicing assets and other retained interests resulting from securitization. The companies manage their risk using a variety of techniques including: maintaining a strong production operation which offsets the interest rate risk, selective sales of servicing rights, and the use of financial hedges. In some cases, the Corporation uses internal hedges to allow for risk characteristics of one line of business to offset those of another line. Through the use of simulations using regression modeling, option-adjusted valuation techniques for estimating expected customer behavior, and Monte-Carlo based cash flow simulation, the Corporation attempts to analyze and mitigate consolidated interest rate risk. For example, if interest rates decline, management expects an increase in mortgage loan origination income and a decline in the value of mortgage servicing assets. Management attempts to monitor this exposure to traditional interest rate risk in a comprehensive manner, assessing the impact on production, servicing, and balance sheet values individually and cumulatively. The following table shows management's estimate of the present value of interest-sensitive assets and liabilities, as well as off-balance sheet financial contracts as of September 30, 1999, at then current interest rates as well as simulated rates 1.0% and 2.0% above and below those interest rates. It does not take into account the book values of the Corporation's non-interest sensitive assets and liabilities, such as cash, accounts receivable, and fixed assets, the value of which is not directly determined by interest rates. Nor does it address the market value of certain off- balance sheet interests not recognized under GAAP (e.g., mortgage servicing rights acquired prior to the adoption of FAS 122 in 1995), or attempt to make any estimate of the value changes resulting from increases or decreases in loan production fees as interest rates change. As noted above, the analysis is based on discounted cash flows over the remaining estimated lives of the financial instruments. The total measurement of the Corporation's exposure to interest rate risk as presented in the following table may not be representative of the actual values which might result from a higher or lower rate environment. Such environments would likely result in different lending and borrowing strategies at the Corporation, designed in part to further mitigate the effect on the value of, and the net earnings generated from the Corporation's net assets, from any change in interest rates. The figures suggest, based on balance sheet and off- balance sheet financial assets, that the present value of the Corporation's interest-sensitive assets and liabilities are most adversely affected in a falling rate environment. The Corporation's book value of servicing assets was capped below estimated market value as of September 30, 1999, due to the accounting principle which requires servicing assets to be carried at the lower of their cost or market value. The following table shows these assets uncapped (i.e. at estimated market value rather than book value.) As previously noted, this present value sensitivity analysis does not account for potential earnings the Corporation would recognize due to strategic initiatives it would undertake if the interest rate scenarios modeled occurred, nor does it reflect value from activities not traditionally measured in terms of financial assets or liabilities. Principal among these activities for the Corporation would be the change in mortgage loan production and the earnings stream the Corporation derives therefrom. Present Value at September 30, 1999 ($000) (In thousands) -2% -1% Current +1% +2% Interest Sensitive Assets Loans and Other Assets $805,210 $788,228 $772,130 $756,809 $742,264 Loans Held for Sale 419,082 415,564 411,922 408,109 404,149 Mortgage Servicing Rights 89,142 138,247 170,285 177,149 175,211 Interest-only Strips 42,276 45,398 48,693 51,870 54,820 Total Interest Sensitive Assets 1,355,710 1,387,437 1,403,030 1,393,937 1,376,444 Interest Sensitive Liabilities Deposits (686,429) (682,564) (678,779) (675,080) (671,490) Short-term Borrowings (361,039) (360,913) (360,782) (360,649) (360,512) Long-term Debt (93,051) (87,338) (82,982) (79,611) (76,937) Total Interest Sensitive Liabilities (1,140,519) (1,130,815) (1,122,543) (1,115,340) (1,108,939) Interest Sensitive Off -Balance Sheet Items 317 739 1,461 2,568 3,884 Net Sensitivity as of September 30, 1999 $215,508 $257,361 $281,948 $281,165 $271,389 Potential Change $(66,440) $(24,588) $- $(783) $(10,559) Net Sensitivity as of December 31, 1998 $50,666 $78,781 $103,290 $126,155 $140,238 Potential Change $(52,624) $(24,509) $- $22,865 $36,948 Derivative Financial Instruments The Corporation hedges its interest rate risk on mortgage loans held for sale using mandatory commitments to sell the loans at a future date. As previously discussed in the mortgage banking section, the economic value of mortgage servicing assets is periodically hedged using options on treasury futures. At September 30, 1999, all such options had expired. Certain of the Corporation's interest-only strips are hedged using interest rate caps which had a fair value of $1.0 million at September 30, 1999, and a notional amount of $53.6 million. Options on treasury futures and interest rate caps are classified as trading securities on the balance sheet and carried at their market values. Adjustments to market values are recorded as trading gains or losses on the income statement. In the third quarter of 1999, the Corporation recorded a $0.1 million gain related to these derivative products. Year to date 1999, the Corporation recorded a $10.2 million loss. This compares to gains of $11.6 and $12.7 million, respectively, in the previous year. Capital Adequacy The Corporation is subject to various regulatory capital requirements administered by federal banking agencies. Quantitative measures established by regulation to ensure capital adequacy require the Corporation to maintain minimum amounts and ratios (set forth in the table below) of total and Tier I capital (as defined in the regulations) to risk-weighted assets (as defined), and of Tier I capital to average assets (as defined). Equity and risk-based capital ratios for the Corporation are as follows: Ratio required to be considered well-capitalized September 30, December 31, December 31, 1999 1998 1997 Equity to Assets n/a 9.55% 7.46% 8.55% Risk-Based Capital 10.0% 14.35% 12.25% 14.85% Tier I Capital 6.0% 12.10% 11.63% 13.56% Tier I Leverage 5.0% 12.60% 10.51% 12.06% Year 2000 Beginning in 1997, the Corporation developed a seven-stage project plan to achieve effective Year 2000 readiness by June 30, 1999, which included: (i) an awareness campaign throughout the Corporation to raise the level of importance and attention beyond that of a typical "information technology" issue; (ii) assessment of the Corporation's Year 2000 problem, including contract review, a technical audit and an estimation of remediation costs; (iii) remediation of non-compliant systems through repairs, upgrades or replacements of computer programs and chips; (iv) testing of the Corporation's systems for Year 2000 compliance; (v) development of contingency plans to continue processes in the event of Year 2000 readiness failure by the Corporation or parties on whom it is dependent; (vi) implementation of the remediated systems; and (vii) auditing after January 1, 2000, of the completed processes for post-year 2000 compliance. The entire project is overseen by a Year 2000 Steering Committee which includes the Corporation's Chairman, President, and those in charge of Information Technology (IT) at each entity. As of June 30, 1999, the Corporation had substantially completed phases (i) through (vi) and as of September 30, 1999, was continuing contingency planning efforts which will be on-going through year-end. Scope The Corporation has developed a technology strategy that primarily uses systems developed by third parties and has very few internally developed applications. Consequently, the Corporation's principal focus has been on assuring Year 2000 compliance from its commercial application vendors and other third-party service providers. The project plan has addressed computer hardware and software as well as environmental systems used in the Corporation's work places to address readiness of both direct and indirect process support systems (i.e., IT and non-IT systems). Costs The Year 2000 project has required a reallocation of business resources from other areas of the Corporation. However, to date, the consolidated cost of the project has not been material to the overall financial results of operations, liquidity, or capital, nor does the Corporation believe it will be material throughout the duration of the project. Additionally, the Corporation does not believe that the reallocation of resources necessary to address the Year 2000 issue has resulted in a material adverse change in the Corporation's ability to address other information technology projects critical to the Corporation's growth. The Corporation has incurred and expensed approximately $2.4 million pre-tax on the Year 2000 project since its inception. These costs have been funded through operating cash flows. The total cost of the project over the period 1997 to 2000 is anticipated to be in the range of $2.9 million pre-tax, excluding incentive stock-based compensation valued at approximately $0.3 million at the time of grant. The graph below illustrates the amounts expensed on the project to date (excluding the cost of options which are not expensed under GAAP) and on a pro forma basis through 1999 and contain forward-looking estimates. Year 2000 Project-Irwin Financial Consolidated As of September 30, 1999 Pre-tax Costs in $000 1997-Actual $119 1998-Actual 1317 1999-YTD 1004 1999 * 1,542 * Estimate as of September 30, 1999. Risks Financial services require exact calculations and prompt delivery. If the Corporation's products are not accurate and timely, it increases its exposure to risks such as client service failure, regulatory compliance problems and disruption of third party operations when it interacts with others. The Corporation believes it has substantially implemented the necessary changes to ensure that its internal operations are Year 2000 compliant prior to December 31, 1999. However, the Corporation cannot guarantee that all of its efforts will have succeeded. In addition, if the Year 2000 issue adversely affects the Corporation's customers, this in turn could have a material adverse effect on the Corporation's ability to collect and service outstanding loans. Finally, even if the Corporation's internal operations and customers are Year 2000 compliant, the Corporation's operations can be materially adversely affected if agencies and third parties with which the Corporation interacts fail to address the Year 2000 issue successfully. Contingency Plans Each of the Corporation's entity's has developed contingency plans. Each of those plans include procedures for addressing application or third-party vendor failure as well as the financial impact of any such failure. Additional detail on the Year 2000 project at the Corporation's parent company and each of its principal subsidiaries is shown below. Irwin Financial Corporation (parent company) The operations of the parent company largely are intended to further the Corporation's strategic development, allocation of capital, planning for entering or exiting lines of business, certain support services for its operating companies, and external relations. There are few direct, ongoing revenue-producing interactions with end customers of the Corporation. Nonetheless, the services of the parent company are of sufficient size and importance to the overall condition of the Corporation that a separate project team is in place to assure Year 2000 readiness of its systems and operating environment. Scope As with the Corporation's overall project plan, the parent company's plan included an assessment of computer hardware and software as well as environmental systems. The principal risk of failure to be Year 2000 compliant at the parent company lies in the failure or delay in providing its services to its constituents in a timely manner. In most cases, this will lead to increases in expenses, rather than in ultimate failure to deliver the service. Like the other units of the Corporation, the parent company has developed a technology strategy that primarily uses systems developed by third parties and has very few internally developed applications. Consequently, the parent company's principal focus is on assuring Year 2000 compliance from its commercial application vendors and other third-party service providers. Progress The progress of this team in meeting the seven-stage requirements of its project plan to achieve Year 2000 readiness by September 30, 1999, is shown below. Year 2000 Project-Irwin Financial (parent only) As of September 30, 1999 Percent Completed Target Completion Actual Completion Projected Actual Completion Date Post-2000 Audit 0 0 During 2000 and 2001 Implementation 100 100 Done Contingency Planning 95 95 On-going Testing 100 100 Done Remediation 100 100 Done Assessment 100 100 Done Awareness 100 100 Done Contingency planning is complete except for the on-going review of the plans as the end of the year approaches. As of September 30, 1999, implementation was complete except for the final implementation of an upgrade of the company's general ledger system. This implementation was completed early in the fourth quarter. Costs The parent company has spent approximately $204 thousand pre-tax since inception of the Year 2000 project. The graph below indicates the amounts expensed on the project to date and on a pro forma basis through 1999. Year 2000 Project-Irwin Financial (parent only) As of September 30, 1999 Pre-tax Costs in $000 1997--Actual $33 1998--Actual 103 1999--YTD 68 1999 * 115 * Estimate as of September 30, 1999. Risks The consequence of failure to achieve Year 2000 compliance at the parent company is likely to be increased labor expense as certain automated procedures are performed with additional human intervention. If such failures cause the parent company to miss deadlines for required filings, the company could face fines or penalties for late reporting of regulatory items. The company does not believe these risks pose a material monetary risk. Contingency Plans Contingency plans and testing procedures for all the parent company's mission critical processes are complete. As part of the process, plans have been made as to the exact manner in which the company would address likely worst case scenarios, including the financial and operational impact of such scenarios. Irwin Mortgage Corporation Irwin Mortgage Corporation (IMC) is principally engaged in the business of originating, selling, and servicing mortgage loans. Its net income is dependent on information technology and support systems which allow the efficient production and servicing of loans. Scope IMC has had teams addressing Year 2000 readiness since August of 1997 and it has adopted the same seven phase plan to achieve readiness used by the Corporation as discussed above. IMC participates with the Corporation's Steering Committee and has specific internal personnel whose time is dedicated solely to the Year 2000 project. In addition, IMC has partnered with the local office of a national IT consulting firm that has assisted with staff augmentation and technical expertise in the areas of code re IMC is dependent on third parties in three principal areas. 1. IMC has developed a technology strategy that primarily uses systems developed by third parties and has very few internally developed applications. 2. IMC depends on several key business partners to successfully conduct operations (e.g., Government Sponsored Enterprises [GNMA, FNMA, and FHLMC], private investors, title companies, mortgage brokers). 3. IMC needs a properly operating infrastructure (i.e. power, communications, transportation) in order to effectively conduct business. Consequently, IMC has focused its Year 2000 readiness efforts on working with each of these groups. usiness. Consequently, IMC has focused its Year 2000 readiness efforts on working with each of these groups. As with the Corporation's overall project plan, IMC's plan includes computer hardware, software, and environmental systems. IMC owns none of the properties in which it conducts business, so the principal focus of the environmental systems review has been to work with the management companies of the facilities it leases. Additionally, the company has worked with various user groups to address the Year 2000 issue with public service providers on which it depends. Progress IMC substantially met its internal plan to achieve Year 2000 readiness by June 30, 1999. The first four phases of the plan (awareness, assessment, remediation and testing) have been completed. Testing has involved internal application validation in the IMC Y2K test laboratory as well as participation in the Mortgage Bankers Association Year 2000 Inter-Industry Test. IMC has participated in the mandatory test transactions set forth by FNMA, FHLMC, and GNMA. The testing process for critical application Year 2000 Project-Irwin Mortgage As of September 30, 1999 Percent Completed Target Completion Actual Completion Projected Actual Completion Date Post-2000 Audit 0 0 During 2000 and 2001 Implementation 100 100 Done Contingency Planning 95 95 On-going Testing 100 100 Done Remediation 100 100 Done Assessment 100 100 Done Awareness 100 100 Done Costs IMC has spent approximately $1.8 million pre-tax since inception on the Year 2000 project. The graph below indicates the amounts expensed in the project to date and on a pro forma basis through 1999. Year 2000 Project-Irwin Mortgage As of September 30, 1999 Pre-tax Costs in $000 1997--Actual $40 1998--Actual 1,046 1999--YTD 733 1999 * 1,081 * Estimate as of September 30, 1999. Risks Failure to be Year 2000 compliant could cause the malfunctioning of the loan origination or servicing systems. If there were a failure within the loan origination system that prevented IMC from closing mortgage loans, the company could be adversely affected through delayed or failed loan closings. This would reduce current revenues and/or would increase the cost to originate loans as more processes are performed with alternative, less efficient processes. The company has developed contingency plans which should allow a certain amount of production to continue, thus mitigating the loss of revenues. Another risk to the company could involve a failure of one or more components in the loan servicing system. The loan servicing system is a high-volume, transactional system that makes logic decisions based on dates (both current and future). For example, if the payment posting module of the system fails, the company may be unable to remit payments and information to IMC's investors. The cost associated with this problem includes fines (for late reporting) that could range from a few hundred dollars to Contingency Plans The company has completed its contingency planning efforts but continues to review plans and provide updates as necessary. Its approach is to review the most important business processes that were identified in the assessment phase and work with the key personnel to develop alternative plans in case a Year 2000 issue is encountered. Irwin Union Bank Irwin Union Bank & Trust (the Bank) is engaged in providing consumer and commercial banking, trust, insurance and brokerage services throughout central and south central Indiana. The Year 2000 technology compliance issue poses a significant challenge to the organization as technology has been integrated with all major business processes. The methodology is based on the Corporation's seven-stage implementation plan. The Bank completed all Year 2000 technology testing in June, 1999. Scope Recognizing the impact of non-compliance, the Bank began a formalized compliance program in 1997. The Bank has adopted the same seven-phase plan to achieve readiness used by the Corporation as discussed above. The Bank participates with the Corporation's Steering Committee. The Bank's plan includes computer hardware, software, and environmental systems. The Bank's applications are primarily commercial off-the-shelf applications, including its core banking technologies, facility controls and desktop applications. In addition, the Bank utilizes third party providers for retail brokerage and trust/employee benefits account processing. Finally, the Bank has two internally developed technologies, those for certificate of deposit servicing and insurance originations that required remediation due to non-compliance. Progress The Bank involved over 25 staff members to participate in Year 2000 technology discussions, vendor appraisals and compliance testing. A multi-level testing strategy has been deployed within the Bank. Depending on the level of vendor and third party testing, the Bank has determined whether additional testing is warranted. For those applications that were certified by either a third party or vendor, the Bank has requested and reviewed the test results and scripts. An exception to this policy of reviewi The testing procedures for third party providers are more challenging for the Bank to assess Year 2000 compliance. The Bank has three critical technologies that are provided through a service bureau environment: retail brokerage, trust and employee benefits account processing. The providers of these services are all industry-leading firms who have committed significant resources to ensure Year 2000 compliance. They have documented their efforts to the Bank through ongoing disclosure of testing plans The Bank's progress against each stage of its plan is shown below. Year 2000 Project-Irwin Union Bank As of September 30, 1999 Percent Completed Target Completion Actual Completion Projected Actual Completion Date Post-2000 Audit 0 0 During 2000 and 2001 Implementation 100 100 Done Contingency Planning 95 95 On-going Testing 100 100 Done Remediation 100 100 Done Assessment 100 100 Done Awareness 100 100 Done Costs The focus on commercial off-the-shelf applications has allowed the Bank to avoid major programming costs that are required with proprietary systems. However, the impact of testing existing systems has added significant time requirements to the Bank's IT department. In 1998, the Bank added a fifth IT professional to allow the department to support its 350 users while conducting Year 2000 activities. In addition, the Bank has incurred expense in the replacement and repair of specific non-compliant syste Year 2000 Project-Irwin Union Bank As of September 30, 1999 Pre-tax Costs in $000 1997--Actual $46 1998--Actual 96 1999--YTD 91 1999 * 165 * Estimate as of September 30, 1999. Risks The impact of specific technologies utilized by the Bank not being Year 2000 compliant could be significant. The inability to process, reconcile and report customer account information could create concern for the safety and security of the customer funds. To focus on those technologies that have the highest operational and customer impact, the bank has conducted a risk analysis on each technology and, based on the results, devoted adequate resources to test, remediate and monitor. Contingency Planning The Bank's contingency planning approach identifies core processes, and corresponding critical activities, to develop alternative approaches to accomplishing the desired outputs. The bank has formed teams comprising of the departmental managers and members of the IT department to evaluate the impact of technology non-compliance for each critical process. Each team is then responsible for preparing a contingency plan that provides alternative operating procedures in the case of technology non-compliance Irwin Home Equity The primary products of Irwin Home Equity (IHE) are second mortgage and line of credit loans secured by real estate. Since IHE relies on third party processors and off-the-shelf software, its efforts are mainly directed to the testing of these applications. Principal remediation efforts, therefore, have been the responsibility of its vendors. Scope The Company's Year 2000 project plan was developed within the guidelines set forth by the Corporation to achieve Year 2000 readiness by June 30, 1999. When compiling the plan, all functions of the organization were considered, including computer software, hardware, data communications, environmental facilities, third party vendors, and other companies with whom data is exchanged. IHE's team to manage the Year 2000 effort consists of individuals representing Senior Management, Information Systems, Networks, Loan Origination, Loan Servicing, Accounting, and Finance. In addition, Telecommunications, Building, and Office Services are involved in various Progress The company identified its mission critical applications and tested those modules first. Applications are considered mission critical if they have an impact on customers or could have a negative impact on the continued operation of the company. Testing has been completed for all mission critical applications. Regression testing will continue throughout 1999 and 2000. The company has completed the installation of the remediated versions of software for all of its mission critical applications. Conversion to a new Loan Servicing System was completed in late March. Since this application is housed at the vendor's service bureau, the company relied on proxy test results to validate Year 2000 readiness. Results of a third party audit of the vendor were also reviewed as additional supporting documentation. The vendor for the Loan Servicing system is an industry leading The progress of the IHE Year 2000 team in meeting the requirements of its project plan to achieve Year 2000 readiness is shown below. Year 2000 Project-Irwin Home Equity As of September 30, 1999 Percent Completed Target Completion Actual Completion Projected Actual Completion Date Post-2000 Audit 0 0 During 2000 and 2001 Implementation 100 100 Done Contingency Planning 95 95 On-going Testing 100 100 Done Remediation 100 100 Done Assessment 100 100 Done Awareness 100 100 Done Costs Year 2000 costs have largely been limited to internal staff time since all software and hardware upgrades were planned as part of the company's normal business plan. Costs directly associated with the Year 2000 remediation have thus far totaled $184 thousand. Those costs and anticipated future costs for the project are displayed below. Year 2000 Project-Irwin Home Equity As of September 30, 1999 Pre-tax Costs in $000 1997--Actual 1998--Actual $72 1999--YTD 75 1999 * 166 * Estimate as of September 30, 1999. Risks As a result of IHE's dependence on third party providers and despite the company's testing, there is no assurance that all vendors will have achieved Year 2000 compliance. However, the company believes its contingency plans should provide sufficient backup to normal operations. For instance, should the loan origination system be unavailable due to software problems or environmental outages, this would slow the closing and funding process. The loan servicing system could be unavailable, requiring manua Contingency Plans IHE established a contingency planning team, identified core business processes, and has developed contingency plans for its mission critical processes. The company determined that the most likely worst case scenario would be environmental in nature (lack of power, telephone, data center communications). The company completed a detailed plan addressing the potential impact a Year 2000 compliance failure by it or its service providers could have on the company. Plans for all areas include tasks to During the third quarter Contingency Project Team and Department representatives reviewed the plans for each core business process and then performed work area tests. Plans were enhanced and modified where needed as each phase of the review and testing were completed. Early in the fourth quarter plans for key customer support areas will also be "rehearsed." In this phase of testing business will be conducted, on a limited basis, in contingency mode. Contingency plans have been approved by the Department manager and Senior Executive representing the Business Unit. Forward-looking Statements Forward-looking statements contained in the previous discussion are based on estimates and assumptions that are subject to significant business, economic, and competitive uncertainties, many of which are beyond the Corporation's control and subject to change. These uncertainties can affect actual results and could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed or implied in any forward-looking statements in this discussion. PART II Item 6 (a) Exhibits to Form 10-Q Number Assigned In Regulation S-K Item 601 Description (2) No Exhibit (3) Articles of Incorporation (4) No Exhibit (10) No Exhibit (11) Computation of earnings per share is included in the footnotes to the financial statements (15) No Exhibit (18) No Exhibit (19) No Exhibit (22) No Exhibit (23) No Exhibit 1. ) No Exhibit (27) Financial Data Schedule (99) No Exhibit (b) Reports on Form 8-K None SIGNATURES Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized. IRWIN FINANCIAL CORPORATION By: __/s/_Gregory F. Ehlinger__ Gregory F. Ehlinger Chief Financial Officer By: ___/s/_Marie S. Ameis______ Marie S. Ameis Corporate Controller (Chief Accounting Officer) STATE OF INDIANA OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY OF STATE CERTIFICATE OF IRWIN UNION CORPORATION I, LARRY A. CONRAD, Secretary of State of the State of Indiana, hereby certify that Articles of Incorporation of the above Corporation, in the form prescribed by my office, prepared and signed in duplicate by the incorporator(s), and acknowledged and verified by the same before a Notary Public, have been presented to me at my office accompanied by the fees prescribed by law; that I have found such Articles conform to law; that I have endorsed my approval upon the duplicate copies of such Articles; that all fees have been paid as required by law; that one copy of such Articles has been filed in my office; and that the remaining copy of such Articles bearing the endorsement of my approval and filing has been returned by me to the incorporator(s) or his (their) representatives; all as prescribed by the provisions of the Indiana General Corporation Act, as amended. Wherefore, I hereby issue to such Corporation this Certificate of Incorporation, and further certify that its corporate existence has begun. In Witness Whereof, I have hereunto set any hand and affixed the seal of the State of Indiana, at the City of Indianapolis, this 31st day of May, 1972 Larry A. Conrad, Secretary of State ARTICLES OF INCORPORATION OF IRWIN UNION CORPORATION The undersigned incorporator or incorporators, desiring to form a corporation (hereinafter referred to as the "Corporation") pursuant to the provisions of the Indiana General Corporation Act, as amended (herein. after referred to as the "Act,") execute the following Articles of Incorporation. ARTICLE I Name The name of the Corporation is Irwin Union Corporation. ARTICLE II Purposes The purposes for which the Corporation is formed are: The transaction of any and all lawful business for which corporations May be incorporated under the Act, including by way of illustration and not of limitation, the following: Irwin Union Corporation ARTICLE II Purposes 2.01. To Act as Holding Company. To purchase or otherwise acquire, own and hold the stock of other corporations and equity interests in other business entities and to direct the operations of other corporations through the ownership of stock therein and to direct the operation: of other business entities through the ownership of equity interests therein. 2.02. Capacity to Act. To have the capacity to act possessed by natural persons, but to have authority to perform only such acts as are necessary, convenient or expedient to accomplish the purposes for which it is formed and such as are not repugnant to law. 2.03. To Deal in Securities. To acquire, by purchase, subscription or otherwise and to receive, hold, own, guarantee, sell, assign, exchange, transfer, mortgage, pledge or otherwise dispose of or deal in and with any and all securities (as hereinafter defined) issued or created by any corporation, firm, organization, association or other entity, public or private, whether formed under the laws of the United States of America or any state or commonwealth thereof, or any foreign country, or by any agency, subdivision, territory, dependency, possession or municipality of any of the foregoing, and as owner thereof to possess and exercise all of the rights, powers and privileges of ownership, including the right to execute consents and vote thereon. The term "securities" as used herein shall mean any and all notes, stocks, treasury stocks, bonds, debentures, evidences of indebtedness, certificates of interest or participation in any profit-sharing agreement, collateral trust certificates, pre organization certificates or subscriptions, transferable shares, investment contracts voting trust certificates, certificates of deposit for a security, fractional undivided interests in oil, gas or other mineral rights or, in general, any interests or instruments commonly known as securities or any and all certificates of interest or participation in temporary or interim certificates for, receipts for, guarantees of, or warrants or rights to subscribe to or purchase any of the foregoing. 2.04. Investment Management. To make, establish and maintain investments in securities, funds or properties of any nature whatsoever and manage such funds; to do any and all acts and things for the preservation, protection, improvement and enhancement of the value of such property or securities or designed to accomplish any such purposes. To make investigations as to the business affairs and property of corporations, partnerships and various forms of business enterprises and to make appraisals and valuations of all kinds and investigate and render opinions as to the advisability from a financial standpoint of creating, merging, combining or otherwise dealing in business enterprise. Article II, Page One Irwin Union Corporation 2.05. Creation of Corporations and Other Entities. To cause to be organized under the laws of the United States of America or of any state, commonwealth, territory, dependency or possession thereof, or of any foreign country, or of any political subdivision, territory, dependency, possession or municipality thereof, one or more corporations, firms, organizations, associations or other entities, and to cause the same to be dissolved, wound up, liquidated, merged or consolidated. 2.06. To Deal in Good Will. To acquire by purchase or exchange, or by transfer, or by merger or consolidation with, the Corporation of any corporation, firm, organization, association or other entity owned or controlled, directly or indirectly, by the Corporation, or otherwise to acquire the whole or any part of the business, good will, rights or other assets of any corporation, firm, organization, association or other entity and to undertake or assume in connection therewith the whole or any part of the liabilities and obligations thereof and to effect any such acquisition in whole or in part by delivery of cash or other property, including securities issued by the Corporation or by any other lawful means. 2.07. To Engage in Lending. To make loans and give other forms of credit including, but not limited to, financing, factoring and leasing, with or without security, and to negotiate and make contracts and agreements in connection therewith and to sell and underwrite credit insurance and life, property and liability insurance, directly or through subsidiaries. 2.08. To Aid Subsidiaries. To aid by loans, subsidy, guaranty or in any other lawful manner any corporation, firm, organization, association or other entity of which any securities (as that term is defined in section 2.03 hereof) are in any manner, directly or indirectly, held by the Corporation or in which the Corporation or any such corporation, firm, organization, association or entity may be or become otherwise interested; to guarantee the payment of dividends on any stock issued by any such corporation, firm, organization, association or entity; to guarantee or, to assume, with or without recourse against any such correlation, firm, organization, association or entity, to do any and all other acts and things for the enhancement, protection or preservation of any securities which are in any manner, directly or indirectly, held , guaranteed or assumed by the Corporation, and to do any and all acts and things designed to accomplish any such purpose. 2.09. To Provide Services. To render service, assistance, counsel and advice to and act as representative or agent in any capacity, (whether managing, operating, financial, purchasing, selling, advertising or otherwise) for any corporation, firm, organization, association or other entity and to gather, compile and disseminate information, data and advice in respect to matters of commercial, financial, statistical and business nature and to act as consultants, counselors and advisors. Article II, Page Two Irwin Union Corporation 2.10. To Deal in Real Estate. To acquire by purchase, exchange, lease as lessee, let as lessor, sell, convey, or mortgage, whether alone or in conjunction with others, real estate of every kind, including, without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the design, development, management, acquisition, and operation of commercial, mercantile and service structures and facilities of every character, recreational structure